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Weight check helper

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There is no calculator on earth that can tell you your correct weight. Body composition, suit age and compression, cylinder material and even how much you have eaten all move the answer. What a calculator can do is give you a published starting point so your first in-water check is close, and then get out of the way. The check itself is what sets your weight.

Starting estimate — then verify in water kg
From body weight and suit
Salt water adjustment
1

Where the estimate comes from

RuleValueSource
Starting lead, 6 mm full wetsuit10% of body weightDAN — Weight Up!
Starting lead, 3 mm wetsuit5% of body weightDAN — Weight Up!
Fresh water to salt wateradd about 1.8 kg (4 lb)Dive Training
Adjustment increment0.45–0.91 kg (1–2 lb) at a timeDive Training
Aluminium 80 buoyancy swing−1.6 lb full to +2.8 lb at 500 psiDAN — Weight Up!
HP steel 80 buoyancy swing−9 lb full to −3 lb near emptyDAN — Weight Up!
Compensation if checking with a full cylinderadd 2–6 lb (0.9–2.7 kg)Scuba Diving

The percentage rules assume an average build. A diver with more muscle mass needs proportionally less lead than one with more body fat at the same weight, which is exactly why the number above is a place to start rather than an answer.

2

The in-water check — this is the part that matters

Do this in shallow water with your buddy present, in the full kit you intend to dive.

  1. Enter the water with the estimated weight, holding a line or in water you can stand up in.
  2. Fully deflate the BCD and hold a normal regulator in your mouth.
  3. Take a normal breath in and hold still. Do not scull, do not fin. You should float at eye level, or between eye level and hairline.
  4. Exhale fully. You should begin to sink slowly.
  5. If you float too high, add weight. If you sink on a full breath, remove weight. Change it 0.45–0.91 kg at a time and repeat.
1 · Normal breath in eye level BCD fully empty Hold still. Do not fin, do not scull. You float at eye level. 2 · Full exhale You sink, slowly.
Swipe the diagram sideways to see it full size
If both panels are true, the weight is right. Float too high on the breath in and you need more lead. Sink before you exhale and you are carrying too much. Change it 0.45–0.91 kg at a time and repeat — DAN. Remember this check is only honest with a near-empty cylinder.

DAN describes the target as floating at eye level with an empty BC and a normal breath, sinking as you exhale DAN — Weight Up!. Dive Training gives the same target as eye level to hairline Dive Training — Pre-Dive Weight Check.

The cylinder catch. Almost everyone does this check with a full cylinder, at the start of the dive. An aluminium 80 becomes roughly 2 kg more buoyant by the time it is nearly empty — which is precisely when you need to hold a safety stop. If you check on a full cylinder, add the compensation above. Better still, do the check at the end of a dive.
3

The end-of-dive validation

The real test of your weighting is not at the surface at the start. It is whether you can hold a stop at the end.

You are correctly weighted whenWith roughly 500 psi / 35 bar left and an empty BCD, you can hold a stationary hover at about 5 metres / 15 feet without finning or sculling, controlling depth with your breathing alone.

If you cannot stay down at that point, you are underweighted. If you need air in the BCD to stay off the bottom for the whole dive, you are carrying too much lead.

4

Why getting this wrong costs you

  • Overweighting forces you to carry a larger gas bubble in the BCD to stay neutral. That bubble adds drag and volume, tips you head-up, raises your air consumption, and increases decompression stress.
  • Overweighting also makes ascent control harder, because the bubble you are relying on expands faster as you rise.
  • Underweighting makes the last few metres of the ascent a fight, exactly where a controlled ascent rate matters most.
  • Underweighting in a drysuit can cause suit squeeze and loss of insulation as you are forced to add gas.
Safety
  • Do the weight check with a buddy present and in water shallow enough to stand up in or on a line. Never do it alone.
  • Re-check your weighting whenever anything changes: a different suit, a different cylinder, fresh versus salt water, a new BCD, or a significant change in your own body weight.
  • Never dive underweighted to save effort. Being unable to hold a safety stop is a decompression risk, not an inconvenience.
  • Drysuit weighting is a separate skill and should be set with an instructor during drysuit training.
Please read. Dive Confidence is free reference material published by ProDive Shop. It supports training, it does not replace it. Nothing here overrides the standards of your certifying agency, the instructions of your instructor or divemaster, or the limits of your certification. It is not medical advice — ear, sinus, cardiac, respiratory and anxiety problems should be discussed with a physician trained in diving medicine. Every technique described should first be practised under supervision in conditions appropriate to your training. Sources are cited on every page so you can read the original guidance yourself.